1 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)
2 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)
3 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29202/phil-cosm/34/4
Received: 20 July 2024 / Accepted: 2 October 2024 / Published: 30 January 2025
View Full-Text Review Reports Cite This Paper
Abstract
he study explores the potential of phenomenological psychopathology to describe the experience of individuals with cosmos-containing mental disorders. These disorders are examined through the frameworks of psychiatric classifications such as the ICD-10 and DSM-5 while integrating insights from phenomenology, psychiatry, philosophy, and cultural psychiatry. The investigation employs interdisciplinary, comparative, phenomenological, and descriptive methodologies. These approaches integrate perspectives from phenomenological psychopathology, philosophy of psychiatry, and cultural psychiatry, using the frameworks of ICD-10 and DSM-5. The phenomenological method provides a nuanced description of the altered life dimensions of affected individuals, while the interdisciplinary approach synthesises insights from multiple disciplines to contextualise cosmos-containing mental disorders.
Through the analysis of clinical cases, the authors demonstrate the distinct manifestations of cosmological content in mental disorders. A notable challenge identified is patients’ frequent dissimulation of symptoms, which complicates the diagnostic process and subsequently affects the efficacy of psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. The findings underscore the value of incorporating phenomenological psychopathology into traditional diagnostic practices, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of these unique symptoms.
The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating phenomenological psychopathology into psychiatric practice to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes for cosmos-containing mental disorders. Ethical concerns, including stigma, discrimination, and social exclusion, are underscored, emphasising the importance of raising awareness among non-mental health professionals. Enhanced understanding of the unique experiences of these individuals is crucial for early diagnosis and reducing societal stigma.
Keywords: cosmos-containing mental disorders, phenomenology, phenomenological psychopathology, philosophy of psychiatry, hallucinations, delusions, oneiroid syndrome, cultural psychiatry, cosmology
References
Adamiak, M., and Pokropski, M. (2018) The landscape of contemporary phenomenology. AVANT. The Journal of the Philosophical-Interdisciplinary Vanguard, 9(2), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.26913/avant.2018.02.01
Babalola, E., Noel, P., and White, R. (2017) The biopsychosocial approach and global mental health: Synergies and opportunities. Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 33(4), 291-296. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_13_17
Boland, R., and Verduin, M. L. (2022) Kaplan & Sadock’s Concise Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Borrell-Carrió, F., Suchman, A. L., and Epstein, R. M. (2004) The biopsychosocial model 25 years later: Principles, practice, and scientific inquiry. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1466742/
Chamelee, A., Selvamani, I., and Nambi, S. (2019) Oneiroid syndrome: A rare form of psychosis. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 7(10), 3938-3940. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194336
Crichton, P., Carel, H., and Kidd, I. J. (2017) Epistemic injustice in psychiatry. BJPsych Bulletin, 41(2), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.115.050682
Dariienko, D. (2022) Phenomenological method and philosophy of psychiatry: History and prospects of interaction. Scientific Notes of NaUKMA. Philosophy and Religious Studies, 9-10, 60–67.
Dey, D., Singh, A., and Khess, C. (2020) Phenomenology and psychopathology. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 8(4), 914–920.
Fabrega Jr, H. (2007) Scope of cultural psychiatry. In Textbook of Cultural Psychiatry (pp. 537–550). Cambridge University Press.
Fountoulakis, K.N. (2022) Psychiatry: From its historical and philosophical roots to the modern face. Springer International Publishing AG.
Fulford, K. W. M., Davies, M., Graham, G., Sadler, J., and Gipps, R. (2013) Oxford handbook of philosophy and psychiatry. Oxford University Press.
Harrison, P., Cowen, P., Burns, T., and Fazel, M. (2017) Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press.
Lim, R. F. (2006) Clinical manual of cultural psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing.
Malivskiy, A., and Kolesnikova, T. (2022) Descartes on Open Knowledge and Human Perfection Project. Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research 22, 14-25. https://doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i22.271318
Messas, G., Tamelini, M., Mancini, M., and Stanghellini, G. (2018) New perspectives in phenomenological psychopathology: Its use in psychiatric treatment. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00466
Okoroji, C., Mackay, T., Robotham, D., Beckford, D., and Pinfold, V. (2023) Epistemic injustice and mental health research: A pragmatic approach to working with lived experience expertise. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1114725
Papadimitriou, G. N. (2017) The “biopsychosocial model”: 40 years of application in psychiatry. Psychiatriki, 28(2), 109-110.
Pushko, Y. (2023) Phenomenological research of imagination in schizophrenia spectrum disorders as a conceptual framework for understanding psychotherapeutic processes and recovery strategies. Psychology and Personality, 1(23), 178-197.
Rasmussen, A. R., Stephensen, H., and Parnas, J. (2018) EAFI: Examination of anomalous fantasy and imagination. Psychopathology, 51, 1-11.
Sass, L.A., and Pienkos, E. (2013) Delusion: The phenomenological approach. In The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry, 632-658. University Press.
Stanghellini, G., Broome, M., Fernandez, A. V., Rosfort, R., and Fusar-Poli, P. (2019) Oxford handbook of phenomenological psychopathology. Oxford University Press.
Stezhko, Z. and Khmil, T. (2023). Artificial Intelligence as a Socio-Cultural Phenomenon: the Educational. Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, 24. https://doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i24.295317
Sweet, H. C., and Paul, R. A. (2022) Religion, spirituality, and mental health. In Diversity in action, 139-154. Springer.
Tripathi, A., Das, A., and Kar, S. K. (2019) Biopsychosocial model in contemporary psychiatry: Current validity and future prospects. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 41(6), 582-585. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_314_19
Woodruff, D. (2018) Phenomenology. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2018 Edition). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2018/entries/phenomenology/
Zabor, V., and Filts, A. (2018) Phenomenology as a method of psychopathology and psychotherapy. Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(1), 26-31
